This atlas presents not only the differential diagnosis but also the detailed morphologic, immunophenotypic, and especially genetic characteristics of the majority of hematolymphoid malignancies. An expert hematopathologist here provides a valuable resource to understand, use, or interpret one or more of these diagnostic modalities with confidence. This new edition has a compact format with up-to-date information - especially on genetic aspects - and will be an indispensable reference for all professionals in the specialty. *Provides an unrivalled visual resource for differential diagnosis in neoplastic hematopathology *Enables specialist and trainee oncologists and pathologists alike to understand, use, and interpret diagnostic modalities with confidence *Supplies quick access to information via tables, algorithms, and composite figures
Table of Contents
Preface
Abbreviations
Blood
Differential diagnosis of most common abnormal blood findings with suspected malignancy
Approach to most urgent hematologic abnormalities
Lymph nodes
Normal structure
Abnormal patterns
Bone marrow
Normal structure and hematopoiesis
Cytomorphology (abnormal features)
Histology (abnormal patterns)
Patterns of involvement by mature B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders
Patterns of involvement by mature T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders
Immunophenotypic markers - differential diagnosis
Flow cytometry
The major role of flow cytometry analysis
Flow cytometry parameters
Flow cytometry of blood and bone marrow (BM) – gating strategy
The identification of clonal B-cell population
Identification of abnormal T-cell populations
Identification of myeloblasts
Identification of B-lymphoblasts
Identification of T-lymphoblasts
Antigen expression during maturation
Immunohistochemistry
Cytogenetics
Deletions and monosomies
Inversions
Isochromosomes
Translocations
Trisomies
Molecular genetics
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Next-generation sequencing (NGS)
Genetic markers – differential diagnosis
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) and B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL)
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL)
Nodal marginal zone lymphoma (NMZL)
Follicular lymphoma (FL)
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinemia (LPL/WM)
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and its variants
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)
De novo CD5+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in children
T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma
Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL)
Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of bone or BM
Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS)
Large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL)
High grade B-cell lymphomas (HGBL)
Burkitt lymphoma (BL)
Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11 aberration (BLL-11q)
High-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (HGBL-R, double/triple hit lymphoma)
High-grade B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (HGBL, NOS)
Plasma cell neoplasms
Plasma cell myeloma (PCM)
Plasmacytoma
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL)
B-cell lymphomas with plasmablastic morphology and/or EBV expression
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL)
ALK+ large B-cell lymphoma
EBV+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
KSHV/HHV-8 and EBV-associated germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LyG)
Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders
Methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders
EBV+ mucocutaneous ulcer (EMCU)
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL)
Adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL)
T-LGL leukemia and chronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK-cells
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL)
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL)
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL)
ALK+ ALCL
ALK- ALCL
Extranodal T/NK-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL)
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)
Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL)
Introduction to myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN)
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML; BCR-ABL1+)
Polycythemia vera (PV)
Essential thrombocythemia (ET)
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF)
Mastocytosis
Other myeloproliferative neoplasms
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)
Mixed myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN)
Acute myeloid leukemia – introduction
Acute myeloid leukemia, not otherwise specified (AML, NOS)
AML with minimal differentiation
AML without maturation
AML with maturation
Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML)
Acute monoblastic leukemia
Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL)
Acute megakaryocytic leukemia
Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis (APMF)
Acute basophilic leukemia
Extramedullary myeloid tumor (EMT)
AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)
Acute myeloid leukemia with RUNX1-RUNX1T1
Acute myeloid leukemia with CBFB-MYH11
Acute myeloid leukemia with MLLT3-MLL
Acute myeloid leukemia with DEK-NUP214
Acute myeloid leukemia with RPN1-EVI1
AML with NPM1 mutation
AML with CEBPA mutation
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma (B-ALL/LBL)
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL)
Other hematopoietic tumors
Acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL)
Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL)
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN)
Composite hematopoietic tumors
Follicular dendritic cell neoplasms
Histiocytic sarcoma
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Langerhans cell sarcoma
Metastatic tumors to the bone marrow
Body cavities
Gastrointestinal tract
Liver
Lung and mediastinum
Salivary gland
Skin
Spleen
Testis
Index
